Nining Ika Wahyuni
Program Studi Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Jember
DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/jauj.v11i2.1268
ABSTRACT
By analyzing the quarterly financial report, this research aims to provide empirical evidence about the timing of earnings management activities based riels (activities-based real earnings management) and profits related to alignment and the persistence of profits. Hypothesis are: (1) riels earnings management more done in the fourth quarter, (2) flattening profits through earnings management riel a positive impact on the persistence of earnings and (3) companies that allegedly made a profit through the manipulation of leveling riel activity has the persistence of profit higher in the fourth quarter than in any other quarter. This study tested three earnings management proxy riel operating cash flow is abnormal, abnormal discretionary expenses, and abnormal production boarding. Riel profit management is calculated by summing the three standardized proxy. The number of companies that serve as a sample according to the criteria is a company with 63 research period from 2004 to 2008. Of this amount, the company entered into a profit-based criteria grader Eckel model is as much as 26 companies. The collection of data with purposive sampling method. Testing the first and third hypothesis was tested with different test or indendent sample t-test while the second hypothesis was tested with regression. The first hypothesis test results showed that the average abnormal operating cash flow, abnormal discretionary expenses, and lodging in the abnormal production of the fourth quarter is statistically greater than in any other quarter. Standardize the amount of the three proxy in the fourth quarter is also statistically greater than in any other quarter. This study failed to support the second hypothesis which states that the flattening of profit through the manipulation of positive affect riel activity against the persistence of profits. In contrast, this study proves that the act of leveling a profit through the manipulation of riels activities negatively affect the persistence of profits. The third hypothesis test results show that the average difference between the persistence of profits in the fourth quarter with the other quarter was not statistically significant. So that it can be said that there is no difference in the persistence of profits in the fourth quarter with another quarter.
Keywords: Activities-Based Real Earnings Management, Quarterly Financial Report.
ABSTRAK
Dengan menganalisis laporan keuangan triwulanan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris tentang waktu pelaksanaan aktivitas manajemen laba berdasarkan RIEL (Activities-Based Real Earnings Management) dan laba yang terkait dengan keselarasan dan persistensi laba. Hipotesisnya adalah: (1) manajemen laba RIEL lebih banyak dilakukan pada kuartal keempat, (2) perataan laba melalui manajemen laba RIEL berdampak positif pada persistensi laba, dan (3) perusahaan yang diduga memperoleh laba melalui manipulasi aktivitas perataan RIEL memiliki persistensi laba yang lebih tinggi pada kuartal keempat dibandingkan kuartal lainnya. Penelitian ini menguji tiga proksi manajemen laba RIEL yaitu arus kas operasi abnormal, pengeluaran diskresioner abnormal, dan peningkatan produksi abnormal. Manajemen laba RIEL dihitung dengan menjumlahkan ketiga proksi yang telah distandarisasi tersebut. Jumlah perusahaan yang dijadikan sampel berdasarkan kriteria adalah 63 perusahaan dengan periode penelitian dari tahun 2004 hingga 2008. Dari jumlah tersebut, perusahaan yang masuk ke dalam kriteria berbasis laba model Eckel sebanyak 26 perusahaan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengujian hipotesis pertama dan ketiga dilakukan dengan uji diferensial atau uji t sampel independen, sedangkan hipotesis kedua diuji dengan regresi. Hasil pengujian hipotesis pertama menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata arus kas operasi abnormal, pengeluaran diskresioner abnormal, dan penginapan dalam produksi abnormal kuartal keempat secara statistik lebih besar dibandingkan kuartal lainnya. Jumlah standar dari ketiga proksi tersebut pada kuartal keempat juga secara statistik lebih besar dibandingkan kuartal lainnya. Studi ini gagal mendukung hipotesis kedua yang menyatakan bahwa perataan laba melalui manipulasi aktivitas riel berpengaruh positif terhadap persistensi laba. Sebaliknya, studi ini membuktikan bahwa tindakan perataan laba melalui manipulasi aktivitas riel berpengaruh negatif terhadap persistensi laba. Hasil pengujian hipotesis ketiga menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata perbedaan antara persistensi laba pada kuartal keempat dengan kuartal lainnya tidak signifikan secara statistik. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan persistensi laba pada kuartal keempat dengan kuartal lainnya.
Keywords: Manajemen Laba Riil Berbasis Aktivitas, Triwulanan Laporan Keuangan.
REFERENCES
Barnea, A., J. Ronen, dan S. Sadan. 1976. Classificatory Smoothing Of Income With Extraordinary Items. The Accounting Review 51: 110-122. Beidleman, C.R. 1973. Income Smoothing: The Role Of Management. The Accounting Review 48: 653-667.
Cohen, D. A., A.Dey, dan T.Z. Lys. 2007. Real And Accrual-Based Earnings Management In The Pre- And Post- Sarbanes Oxley Periods. The Accounting Review (Forthcoming).
Copeland, R.M. 1968. Income Smoothing. Journal of Accounting Research 6: 101-116.
Coultan, J., A.B. Jacson, dan Y. Nagasawa. 2008. The Timing Of Real Activities Based Earning Management. http/www.ssrn.com.
Das, S., P. K. Shroff, dan H. Zhang. 2007. Quarterly Earnings Patterns And Earnings Management. Financial Analysts Journal 61 (3): 65-79 Dechow, P.M., dan D.J.Skinner. 2000. Earning Management Reconciling The Views Of Accounting Academics, Practitioner, And Regulators. Accounting Horizons 14 (2):235-250.
Givoly, D., dan J. Ronen. 1981. Smoothing Manifestations In Fourth Quarter Results Of Operations: Some Empirical Evidence. Abacus 17: 174- 193.
Graham, J.R., C.R. Harvey, dan S. Rajgopal. 2005. The Economic Implications Of Corporate Financial Reporting. Journal of Accounting and Economics 40: 3-73.
Healy, P., dan K. Palepu. 2001. Information Asymmetry, Corporate Disclosure, And The Capital Markets: A Review Of The Empirical Disclosure Literature. Journal of Accounting & Economics 31 (2001): 405-440.
Hunt, A., S.E. Moyer, dan T. Shevlin. 2000. Earnings Volatility, Earnings Management, And Equity Value. Working paper, University of Washington.
Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia. 2012.. Standar Akuntansi Keuangan. Salemba Empat. Jakarta
Jackson, S., dan W. Wilcox. 2000. Do Manager Grant Sales Price Productions To Avoid Losses And Declines In Earning And Sales? Quarterly Journal Of Business And Economics 39 (4): 3-20.
Jacob, J., dan B. Jorgensen. 2007. Earnings Management And Accounting Income Aggregation: Conceptual Issues In A Political And Economic Environment. Working paper, University of Minnesota.
Jeter, D., dan L. Shivakumar. 1999. Cross-Sectional Estimation Of Abnormal Accruals Using Quarterly And Annual Data: Effectiveness In Detecting Event-Specific Earnings Management. Accounting and Business Research 29 (4): 299-319.
Lambert, R.A. 1984. Income Smoothing As Rational Equilibrium Behavior. The Accounting Review 59: 604-618.
Paulina, S. 2009. Pengaruh Optimalisasi Jangka Pendek Managemen Pada Tingkat Pengungkapan Wajib Informasi Perusahaan Sebelum Dan Sesudah Perubahan Peraturan Undang-Undang Pengungkapan Laporan Keuangan. Tesis S2 Program Pasca Sarjana UGM. Yogyakarta.
Rappaport, A. 2005. The Economics Of Short-Term Performance Obsession. Journal of Accounting and Economics (43): 369-390.
Ronen, J., dan S. Sadan, 1981. Smoothing Income Numbers, Objectives, Means, And Implications. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.
Roychowdhury, S. 2003. Management Of Earnings Through The Manipulation Of Real Activities That Affect Cash Flow From Operations. (Working Paper, MIT).
Roychowdhury, S. 2006. Earnings Management Through Real Activities Manipulation. Journal of Accounting and Economics 42: 335-370. Schipper, K. 1989. Commentary On Earning Management. Accounting Horizons 3 (4):91-102.
Scott, W.R. 2000. Financial Accounting Theory. International Edition. Prantice Hall.
Trueman B., dan S. Titman. 1988. An Explanation For Accounting Income Smoothing. Journal Of Accounting Research (Supplement 1988): 127-139.
Tucker, J.W., dan P.A. Zarowin. 2006. Does Income Smoothing Improve Earnings Informativeness? The Accounting Review 81: 251-270. Wild, J.J., K. R. Subramanyam dan R.F. Halsey. 2007. Financial Statement Analysis. Ninth Edition-Mcgraw Hill International Edition.
Wolk, I.W., J. L. Dodd, dan M.G. Tearney. 2004. Accounting Theory. Thomson, South Western
Zang, A.Y. 2007. Evidence on the Tradeoff between Real Manipulation and Accrual Manipulation. Working paper, Duke University.
Zarowin, P. 2002. Does Income Smoothing Make Stock Prices More Informative. Working Paper. New York University Stern Scholl Of Business.
Published
31-12-2013
Issue
Vol. 11 No. 2 (2013): Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Jember
Pages
105-121
License
Copyright (c) 2013 Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Jember
How to Cite
Wahyuni, N. I. (2013). DETEKSI PEWAKTUAN MANAJEMEN LABA MELALUI AKTIVITAS RIEL DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN PERSISTENSI LABA. JURNAL AKUNTANSI UNIVERSITAS JEMBER, 11(2), 105-121
https://doi.org/10.19184/jauj.v11i2.1268
